How to Identify Aspen (Quaking) Wood (Populus tremuloides)
Quick answer
Aspen (Quaking), Populus tremuloides: color, grain, end grain, Janka hardness (350 lbf) and weight, and how to tell it from Basswood, quoted from the USDA Wood Handbook and The Wood Database.
Updated 2026-09-10 · Sources: The Wood Database, USDA Wood Handbook
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Download on the App StoreWhat are the key facts?
- Scientific name: Populus tremuloides
- Type: Hardwood
- Origin: Widely distributed across North America
- Color: Heartwood a light brown; wide sapwood pale yellow to nearly white, not clearly demarcated, blending gradually into the heartwood.
- Grain and texture: Grain generally straight, with a uniform medium texture and low natural luster.
- End grain: Diffuse porous; pores solitary and in radial multiples, medium, in no specific arrangement, moderately numerous to numerous; parenchyma marginal; rays narrow, fairly close spacing.
- Janka hardness: 350 lbf
- Specific gravity (12% MC): 0.38
- Other clue: No characteristic odor; named for leaves that tremble and quake even in a light breeze.
What Aspen (Quaking) looks like
Heartwood a light brown; wide sapwood pale yellow to nearly white, not clearly demarcated, blending gradually into the heartwood. Grain generally straight, with a uniform medium texture and low natural luster. End grain: Diffuse porous; pores solitary and in radial multiples, medium, in no specific arrangement, moderately numerous to numerous; parenchyma marginal; rays narrow, fairly close spacing.
Hardness and weight
Janka hardness 350 lbf (side hardness: the force needed to embed a 0.444-inch steel ball to half its diameter). Specific gravity 0.38 at 12% moisture content, so a cubic foot weighs roughly 24 lb. Weight in the hand is one of the quickest checks: compare a piece of known size against a board you already know.
Aspen (Quaking) vs Basswood
Aspen and cottonwood are both pale, low-density, diffuse-porous Populus woods with nearly identical color, grain and endgrain description; cottonwood's grain is generally straight to slightly interlocked and it has a sour odor when green, whereas aspen has no characteristic odor and does not split easily. The Basswood page has its own details.
Smell, weight and other clues
No characteristic odor; named for leaves that tremble and quake even in a light breeze.
Where you will meet it
Boxes/crates, veneer, plywood, and various utility purposes.
Working it
Easy to work with hand and machine tools, though sharp cutters are needed when planing to avoid fuzzy surfaces; does not split easily, poor nail-holding, and tends to warp/distort during drying; glues and finishes well.
How to photograph it for identification
Photograph a freshly cut or sanded face in daylight, not a finished or stained surface, since stain hides color and finish flattens grain. Add a close-up of the end grain: cut a clean end, wet it or sand it to 220, and shoot from straight on; pore pattern and rays are the most reliable marks. Put a ruler in frame. The app suggests the likely species; confirm with the end grain and weight.
FAQ
How hard is Aspen (Quaking)?
Janka hardness 350 lbf. For comparison, Red Oak is about 1,290 lbf and Eastern White Pine about 380 lbf.
How do I tell Aspen (Quaking) from Basswood?
Aspen and cottonwood are both pale, low-density, diffuse-porous Populus woods with nearly identical color, grain and endgrain description; cottonwood's grain is generally straight to slightly interlocked and it has a sour odor when green, whereas aspen has no characteristic odor and does not split easily.
Is Aspen (Quaking) a hardwood or a softwood?
Aspen (Quaking) is a hardwood: it comes from a broadleaf tree. Hardwood and softwood describe the kind of tree, not how hard the wood is; some hardwoods are softer than some softwoods.
What color is Aspen (Quaking)?
Heartwood a light brown; wide sapwood pale yellow to nearly white, not clearly demarcated, blending gradually into the heartwood.
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Related
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Sources
- The Wood Databasewww.wood-database.com/quaking-aspen/
- USDA Wood Handbookwww.fpl.fs.usda.gov/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr190/chapter_05.pdf
- The Wood Databasewww.wood-database.com/eastern-cottonwood/
Compiled by the WoodLens editorial team
Every fact on this page is taken from the sources listed above; numbers and prices are copied from the source, and prices name the guide or auction and its date. Research and drafting were assisted by AI, and each claim was then checked against the cited sources. Checked 2026-09-10. We do not buy, sell or grade items; the app identifies what you photograph and points you to these references.